Установка

Kafka с web интерфейсом: 

services:
  kafka:
    image: apache/kafka:4.2.0
    container_name: kafka
    hostname: kafka
    restart: unless-stopped

    ports:
      - "9092:9092"   # INTERNAL (docker network)
      - "29092:29092" # EXTERNAL (LAN access)

    environment:
      # =========================
      # KRaft
      # =========================
      KAFKA_NODE_ID: 1
      KAFKA_PROCESS_ROLES: broker,controller
      KAFKA_CONTROLLER_QUORUM_VOTERS: 1@kafka:9093

      # =========================
      # Listeners
      # =========================
      KAFKA_LISTENERS: INTERNAL://:9092,EXTERNAL://:29092,CONTROLLER://:9093
      KAFKA_ADVERTISED_LISTENERS: INTERNAL://kafka:9092,EXTERNAL://192.168.1.195:29092
      KAFKA_LISTENER_SECURITY_PROTOCOL_MAP: INTERNAL:PLAINTEXT,EXTERNAL:PLAINTEXT,CONTROLLER:PLAINTEXT
      KAFKA_INTER_BROKER_LISTENER_NAME: INTERNAL
      KAFKA_CONTROLLER_LISTENER_NAMES: CONTROLLER

      # =========================
      # Single-node safety
      # =========================
      KAFKA_OFFSETS_TOPIC_REPLICATION_FACTOR: 1
      KAFKA_TRANSACTION_STATE_LOG_REPLICATION_FACTOR: 1
      KAFKA_TRANSACTION_STATE_LOG_MIN_ISR: 1
      KAFKA_GROUP_INITIAL_REBALANCE_DELAY_MS: 0

      # Optional tuning
      KAFKA_AUTO_CREATE_TOPICS_ENABLE: "true"

    volumes:
      - ./kafka_data:/var/lib/kafka/data

  kafka-ui:
    image: provectuslabs/kafka-ui:latest
    container_name: kafka-ui
    restart: unless-stopped

    ports:
      - "8080:8080"

    environment:
      KAFKA_CLUSTERS_0_NAME: local
      KAFKA_CLUSTERS_0_BOOTSTRAPSERVERS: kafka:9092

    depends_on:
      - kafka

На https://kafka.apache.org/quickstart/ есть информация по запуску без docker

Проверка внутренними средствами

Создание темы 

docker exec -it kafka /opt/kafka/bin/kafka-topics.sh \
  --create \
  --topic demo \
  --bootstrap-server kafka:9092 \
  --partitions 3 \
  --replication-factor 1

Запуск продюсера (сервер на 1.120)

docker exec -it kafka /opt/kafka/bin/kafka-console-producer.sh \
  --topic demo \
  --bootstrap-server 192.168.1.120:29092

Запуск консъюмера (сервер на 1.120)

docker exec -it kafka /opt/kafka/bin/kafka-console-consumer.sh \
  --topic demo \
  --from-beginning \
  --bootstrap-server 192.168.1.120:29092

.